Department or Program

Sociology

Abstract

Delivering bad news is a central yet challenging aspect of internal medicine, requiring relational skills, and emotional presence. This qualitative study examines how internal medicine physicians communicate serious or unexpected diagnoses, emphasizing the human and contextual dimensions of these encounters. Semi structured interviews with 18 early- and late-career physicians revealed that while formal protocols provide useful guidance, effective communication depends on empathy and adaptability beyond what is currently proposed. Physicians described balancing honesty with sensitivity, using verbal and nonverbal strategies to build trust and support understanding. Generational differences suggest that experience fosters structure that is used for current training, while younger physicians adhere more closely to relational aspects over medically dense conversations, and the most effective communication lies in the ability to integrate both structure and adaptability. Institutional constraints further shape these interactions, highlighting the need for supportive systems, interdisciplinary collaboration, and more attention within medical education. Findings underscore the emotional context inherent in delivering bad news and suggest that communication is a dynamic, human-centered practice central to patient care.

Level of Access

Open Access

First Advisor

Taylor, Heidi

Date of Graduation

5-2026

Degree Name

Bachelor of Arts

Number of Pages

86

Components of Thesis

1 pdf file

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